The marriage between Hamideh Khanum, the daughter of a leading aristocratic Azerbaijani family, and Mirza Jalil Mamadqulizadeh, founder and editor of the renowned satirical journal Molla Nasreddin, was a union of like-minded spirits.[read more>>]

Agriculture was the mainstay of Iran’s economy in the nineteenth century, yet little is known about it.[read more>>]

In 1770, Astrakhan, on the left bank of the Volga River close to where it discharges into the Caspian Sea, was Russia’s most important southern port through which all its trade with Iran and the Orient was conducted.[read more>>]